diff --git a/lisp/org-element.el b/lisp/org-element.el
index 873c4bb76..c148cacfa 100644
--- a/lisp/org-element.el
+++ b/lisp/org-element.el
@@ -4856,9 +4856,10 @@ Providing it allows for quicker computation."
 	((let ((post (org-element-property :post-affiliated element)))
 	   (and post (< origin post)))
 	 (beginning-of-line)
-	 (looking-at org-element--affiliated-re)
+	 (let ((case-fold-search t)) (looking-at org-element--affiliated-re))
 	 (cond
-	  ((not (member (upcase (match-string 1)) org-element-parsed-keywords))
+	  ((not (member-ignore-case (match-string 1)
+				    org-element-parsed-keywords))
 	   (throw 'objects-forbidden element))
 	  ((< (match-end 0) origin)
 	   (narrow-to-region (match-end 0) (line-end-position)))
diff --git a/testing/lisp/test-org-element.el b/testing/lisp/test-org-element.el
index ffa01c7ab..12372885f 100644
--- a/testing/lisp/test-org-element.el
+++ b/testing/lisp/test-org-element.el
@@ -2961,6 +2961,11 @@ Paragraph \\alpha."
        (org-test-with-temp-text "#+CAPTION: {{{macro}}}\n| a | b |."
 	 (progn (search-forward "{")
 		(org-element-type (org-element-context))))))
+  (should
+   (eq 'bold
+       (org-test-with-temp-text "#+caption: *bold*\nParagraph"
+	 (progn (search-forward "*")
+		(org-element-type (org-element-context))))))
   ;; Correctly set `:parent' property.
   (should
    (eq 'paragraph